Under his influence, the University of Ife became a veritable breeding ground for a generation of trade unionists, civil society activists, lawyers, journalists and politicians who bore the imprints of his teaching into Nigerian public life for decades. People around him gained clarity about the link between scholarship and social duty, mentoring and inspiring young scholars, guiding and nurturing them as they begin their academic careers.
- +Segun Osoba: The intellectual who kept the faith, By Toyin Falola
On 14 May, the academic world was thrown into sadness by the news of the demise of one of the country’s pre-eminent Marxist scholars.
On 14 May, the academic world was thrown into sadness by the news of the demise of one of the country’s pre-eminent Marxist scholars. At 92, Dr Samuel Olusegun Ọṣọba left this earth in a tranquil manner at his Ijẹbu-Ode residence. The message, which was first disseminated by his family and loved ones who had been vigilantly monitoring his life and legacy for many decades, swiftly spread among academic circles, trade union networks, civil society organisations, and the dispersed geography of the Nigerian Left. There was more to Osoba than just a historian who had died. The sort of academic whose life had been a historical argument in and of itself, a prolonged proof that intellectual devotion and moral clarity are not incompatible with professional survival. He was that kind of scholar.
It was without a doubt correct and affectionate that he was referred to as a “radical lecturer” and “a father-figure of radicalism” at Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. These descriptions were an attempt to come to terms with the distinctive intellectual and human attributes that made Osoba irreplaceable in the academic and public life of Nigeria. He taught and did research in the Department of History, Obafemi Awolowo University. His tenure was intellectually revolutionary. I started my PhD training with Professor SA Akintoye, who successfully ran for Senate in the Second Republic and had to leave the Department. Dr Osoba then took over as my supervisor. Akintoye consolidated his fame by becoming the incurable leader of the Yoruba secessionist movement to create the Oduduwa Republic. Two great scholars of different orientations, the stuff of a great comparative story. A memoir of my college years is in the making, where in-betweenness will be elevated to its greatest heights.
Osoba’s love for history was contagious, and his ability to make complicated historical events comprehensible to his students, despite the embedded convolutions of philosophy, appeared to many a gift of nature. He knew how to make history come alive, to make it relevant and interesting. His seminars were typically vibrant and participatory but always focused on fostering critical thinking and sound analysis, supported by evidence. Many were conservatives, but he did not turn the classroom into a Pentecostal mission. One path never leads to the market!
Osoba, in his element, could help students grasp that history was not a record of the past, but a tool for understanding the present. Osoba taught his students how to read power, how to follow the structures of power throughout time, and how to investigate the ideological assumptions behind ostensibly impartial descriptions of events. He made intellectuals. Osoba’s radicalism was social, conversional, and profoundly human. He knew that the intellectual life is as much lived in hallways and canteens and over shared meals as in lecture theatres, and he took his politics into all those areas without self-consciousness.
Under his influence, the University of Ife became a veritable breeding ground for a generation of trade unionists, civil society activists, lawyers, journalists and politicians who bore the imprints of his teaching into Nigerian public life for decades. People around him gained clarity about the link between scholarship and social duty, mentoring and inspiring young scholars, guiding and nurturing them as they begin their academic careers.
Perhaps the single act for which Dr Osoba is most generally recognised outside strictly academic circles is his co-authorship of the Minority Report and Draft Constitution for the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1976. It is one of the most fascinating sagas in Nigerian intellectual and constitutional history. In 1976, General Murtala Mohammed appointed Drs Osoba and Yusufu Bala Usman to serve on the Constitutional Drafting Committee. They disagreed with the trend of the discussions of the majority members and together they wrote the Minority Report and Draft Constitution for the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1976.
Osoba’s scholarly production was vast and relevant to public intellectualism in the Nigerian environment of his time. He was a specialist on the social and economic history of Nigeria, approached from a Marxist perspective. He was interested in the structures of exploitation and accumulation, in the relation between colonialism and the emergence of a comprador bourgeoisie, in the ways the colonial encounter had shaped class formation in Nigeria and in the mechanisms through which the postcolonial ruling class had consolidated power at the expense of the majority.
Perhaps the single act for which Dr Osoba is most generally recognised outside strictly academic circles is his co-authorship of the Minority Report and Draft Constitution for the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1976. It is one of the most fascinating sagas in Nigerian intellectual and constitutional history. In 1976, General Murtala Mohammed appointed Drs Osoba and Yusufu Bala Usman to serve on the Constitutional Drafting Committee. They disagreed with the trend of the discussions of the majority members and together they wrote the Minority Report and Draft Constitution for the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1976.
The Committee had been called together to offer Nigeria a new constitutional framework after years of military dictatorship. It was constituted mostly of conservative attorneys, administrators and establishment individuals whose constitutional imagination was roughly in line with the inherited Lugardian system. Osoba and Usman voted against the motion. The two broke ranks with fellow conservatives who made up the bulk of the constitution writing committee to produce and submit their own minority report that was pro-people, as opposed to what many Nigerians perceive today as the pro-Lugardian Constitution.
Samuel Olusegun Ọṣọba was more than a famous historian. He was something uncommon, a dependably honest one. He informed Nigerians what their nation is and how it came to be such and he told them at a time when stating the truth had a cost. He paid the price uncomplainingly.
